Diamond are the hardest substance on earth. They are uniquely resistant to damage by heat or scratching and can be cut or polished only by another diamond. But an extremely hard blow to the girdle can cause a diamond to chip or cavity.
Diamond simplifies the four C's - cut, color, clarity and carat weight, as well as diamond shapes. Carat is based on the size of the diamond.
Basic parts of Diamond
Girdle is the edge of the diamond and classified by their thickness (thin to thick), girdle protects the edge of the stone from chipping.
Crown is based on height of the diamond, a large flat area on the top and a number of facets
Pavilion is the most important part in diamond, reflect the light that passes through the crown
Culet is a tiny facet or point at the base of the pavilion, where the facets of the pavilion meet, rough or polished facet.
Facet a cut use to improve the appearance of a gemstone
